亲密伴侣暴力中儿童的社会适应及干预

Children's social adjustment in intimate partner violence and its intervention

亲密伴侣暴力是指现在或曾经处于亲密关系中的伴侣之间发生的攻击或控制行为。亲密伴侣暴力不仅对妇女的身心造成伤害,对家庭中儿童的社会适应也有不利影响。亲密伴侣暴力与儿童外化行为、内化行为有紧密联系。作为保护因素,年龄、情绪调节能力、社会支持等可以减少亲密伴侣暴力环境中儿童的适应问题。认知-背景理论、情绪安全理论、外溢理论和发展心理病理学理论对亲密伴侣暴力影响儿童社会适应的机制进行了解释。为了促进亲密伴侣暴力中儿童的社会适应,实践工作者提出了不同的干预方案。未来研究应在区分亲密伴侣暴力的不同评估、控制共生风险因素、重视神经生物学研究、改进干预研究等方面做出努力。

Intimate partner violence （IPV） refers to any form of aggression and/or controlling behaviors by a current or former partner in an intimate relationsip against the other. It causes harm not only to the physical and mental health of women, but to social adjustment of the children concerned. IPV is closely associated with both children＇s externalizing and internalizing behaviors. As protective factors, the age and emotional regulation ability of the children and the social support they received may decrease their adjustment problems. The coguitive-contextual framework, emotional security theory, spillover theory and developmental psychopathological framework explain the mechanisms of how IPV impacts children＇s social adjustment. Several intervention programs are conducted by practitioners to facilitate the social adjustment ability of the children. Future research should take more efforts to differentiate various IPV assessment, control cooccurring risk factors, highlight neurobiological research and improve intervention studies.