流体剪切力对破骨细胞的影响

Effect of fluid shear stress on osteoclasts

骨组织受到成骨细胞成骨作用和破骨细胞溶骨作用共同影响。与成骨细胞和骨细胞不同,破骨细胞起源于造血干细胞,由单核巨噬细胞发育而来,具有吞噬功能,能对多种刺激因素产生效应,其中机械刺激是始终存在的影响方式。机械刺激诱导的成骨细胞的正性调节对于骨生成、骨修复有至关重要的作用,而破骨细胞在这些方面的效应也十分关键。流体剪切力作为骨组织内机械刺激的一种常见形式,作用于成骨细胞和骨细胞的时候,通过对Ca2+、前列腺素、NO、RANKL和OPG等信号因子的影响,表现出介导破骨细胞迁移、分化、吸收和生存维持等现象的功能,这承载了骨代谢必不可少的一部分。同时这些因子相互交错,表现出复杂信息网络及阶段特异性。但总的来说,人们对流体剪切力调节破骨细胞生理及病理功能具体信号传导的了解还不是很深入,需要用更多的研究来阐明流体剪切力和破骨细胞之间的关系。本文就流体剪切力对破骨细胞相关分子信号影响做一综述,简要展示流体剪切力影响破骨细胞的相关机理。

Bone is influenced by both osteogenesis from osteoblasts and osteolysis from osteoclasts.Distinguished to osteoblasts and osteocytes,osteoclasts are derived from hematopoietic stem cells.They have function of phagocytosis and can respond to many stimuli,of which mechanical stimulation is a constant stimulus.Mechanical stimulation-induced osteoblasts are critical for the positive regulation of bone formation and repairing.At the same time,the effect of osteoclasts is also essential.Fluid shear stress as a common mechanical stimulus affects osteoblasts and osteoclasts via signal factors,such as Ca~＋,prostaglandin,NO,RANKL,OPG,and so on.Its function includes mediation of osteoclast migration,differentiation,absorption,and survival,which plays an important role in bone metabolism.Those factors talk interactively and display stage-dependent specificity.Overall,the understanding of signal pathways between fluid shear stress and physiological and pathological function of osteoclasts is less in depth.More research is needed to demonstrate the relationship between fluid shear stress and osteoclasts.This article reviews the effect of fluid shear stress on osteoclasts and shows relevant mechanism between them.