量子点对活体细胞毒性作用的研究进展

Research Progress of Cytotoxicity of Quantum Dots to Living Cells

综述了近年来国内外对镉系量子点细胞毒性的研究进展,对于大部分活体细胞镉系量子点普遍存在毒性,总结了细胞毒性产生的原因主要表现在三个方面:量子点表面物化特性、量子点尺寸和细胞微环境,由于细胞毒性的影响因素较多而较难控制,研发低毒甚至无毒的量子点材料成为业内研究者的共识。对近年来开发的新型SiC量子点生物毒性的研究进展进行了介绍,认为其生物相容性优良的主要原因在于:表面物化特性可控、细胞微环境对以共价键结合的量子点影响较小以及细胞内分布均匀等,同时对目前碳化硅量子点细胞毒性研究存在的问题也进行了分析探讨。

The research progress of cytotoxicity of cadmium quantum dots（QDs）material at home and abroad in recent years is reviewed.The cytotoxicity of cadmium quantum dots for most living cells is widespread.The reasons of cytotoxicity are summarized as following in three aspects：physicochemical characteristics of QDs surface,QDs size and micro-environment around cells.Commonly consensus has been reached for the researchers to fabricate other new kinds of QDs with non-or low-cytotoxicity for living cells because of the cytotoxicity with so many effect factors and difficult controlling.The research progress of the cytotoxicity for silicon carbide quantum dots（SiC-QDs）is introduced in recent years.The main reason of excellent biocompatibility properties of SiC-QDs are controllable physicochemical characteristics,less effect of microenvironment around cells on QDs with covalent bonds,and homogeneous distribution in cells.Moreover,the present problems of cytotoxicity study for silicon carbide QDs are also discussed.