张力腿漂浮式风力机的运动响应计算

Calculation of Motion Responses of Floating Wind Turbine with Tension Leg Platform

漂浮式风力机与近海桩基式风力机、陆上风力机差异很大,特别是漂浮平台设计复杂,对仿真工具要求更高。海上风力机除受气动载荷之外,还需进一步考虑海洋环境所施加的各种其他载荷。采用自由涡尾迹方法计算风力机气动性能,分别采用线性波和PM频谱模拟波浪运动并应用Morison方程计算波浪载荷。构建张力腿漂浮平台结构动力学方程,以气动载荷和波浪载荷为激励,得到平台响应,并反馈至气动计算,从而完成气动、结构和水动的耦合计算。最后以大型风力机NH1500为例,对张力腿式海上风力机进行仿真模拟,对比分析来流风速、浪高和波浪入流角对漂浮平台运动和风力机气动性能的影响,采用PM频谱模拟真实海况并计算漂浮式风力机动态响应,为漂浮式风力机设计提供了依据。

Floating wind turbines are quite different from the inshore and onshore wind turbines. Espe- cially their dynamic responses need more requirements of simulation for the complex floating motions. Floating wind turbines experience not only the air loads, but also the wave loads from the sea. A free vortex wake method is used to calculate the wind turbine aerodynamic loads. The wave motion is simu- lated based on the linear wave and the PM energy spectrum, and the Morison equations are used to cal- culate the wave loads. The structural dynamics equation for the tension leg platform is then solved to obtain the dynamic responses of the platform, in which the airloads and hydroloads are coupled and fed back to the aerodynamic calculation. For completeness, the aerodynamic and structural dynamic respon- ses of a 1.5 MW wind turbine with the tension leg platform are simulated and the influence on the wind turbine aerodynamic characteristics of the platform motion is analyzed.