HIV-1衣壳蛋白的结构研究进展及应用策略分析

Recent Progress and Practical Prospects for the HIV-1 Capsid Structure

人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)已在全球蔓延并且出现了耐药性,急需开发新的高效、低毒的抗艾滋病药物和新的治疗策略。衣壳蛋白(CA)在HIV病毒颗粒的组装、成熟过程中的作用举足轻重,其单体主要由N端区域(NTD)和C端区域(CTD)组成。近年来HIV衣壳蛋白的空间精细结构得到了解析。本文总结了HIV衣壳蛋白在X射线晶体衍射技术下的空间结构特征,分别介绍了CA的NTD-NTD、NTD-CTD和CTD-CTD界面处的结构特征。本文也分析了基于HIV CA结构的AIDS治疗方法,并结合Crispr/Cas9基因编辑技术阐述了以CA为靶点的AIDS治疗新策略。

The human immunodeficiency virus type 1（HIV-1）has spread globally and often exhibits antiviral resistance.Therefore,there is an ongoing need for the development of novel,highly efficient antiretroviral drugs with low toxicity.The capsid protein（CA）,which is composed of an N-terminal domain（NTD）and C-terminal domain（CTD）,plays an important role in the process of HIV-1assembly and maturation.In recent years,the structure of capsid protein has been solved.In this article,we summarizes the spatial structure of the HIV-1capsid protein determined by X-ray crystallography,and describe the structural characteristics of the NTD-NTD,NTD-CTD and CTD-CTD interfaces.This article summarizes the antiviral approaches targeting CA and expounds a new strategy in combination with CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology.