药用植物大籽雪胆繁育技术研究

Study on Reproducition Research of Hemsleya macrosperma

目的 为促进药用植物大籽雪胆野生驯化,实现野生变家种进程,探索其有效繁育方法。方法以楚雄紫溪山所产大籽雪胆种子和植株为材料,采用不处理种子、45℃温烫浸种60 min、98%浓硫酸处理10 min、剥去种皮四种方法研究种皮对种子萌发的影响;采用分期播种法确定种子寿命;将块根纵切成大小约2 cm×2 cm×2 cm,倒苗后挖掘块根观察其生长情况;将生长的茎第四节或第五节压入土中深2～3cm,连续三年观察块根生长情况。结果 大籽雪胆种子萌发存在种皮障碍,种子寿命为1年,块根繁殖率低,茎节压蔓繁殖所需时间长。结论 大籽雪胆最有效繁殖方法是种子繁殖,采用新种和98%浓硫酸处理是提高种子发芽率的有效途径。

Objective To facilitate large seeds of medicinal plants Hemsleya domesticated wild, wild achieve home-grown process variable, exploring its effective breeding. Methods Exploring seeds of Hemsleya macrosperma in Chuxiong and its plants for the material, using to non-treatment of seeds, 45 ℃ temperature hot soaking 60 min, 98% H2SO4 acid treated for 10 min, stripped testa four methods to study on seed germination; determining seed longevity seeding by stages; vertical cut into the root size of about 2 cm ×2 cm × 2 cm, observe the growth after digging roots back postemergence ; the growth stems IV or V pressed buried deep 2 - 3 cm, observe root growth for three consecutive years. Results The result that seed germination was restrained by seed coat, seed longevity was one year; reproduction rate was low with root, layering with internodes needed long time. Conclusion Seed reproduction was more effective than asexual reproduction, adopting fresh seed and treating seed with 98% H2SO4 was effective to improve seed germination rate.