论词学发展史上的雅俗之辨

Debate on Refinement and Popularity in the Historical Development of Ci Criticism

词为音乐文学,因其付诸歌唱表演必须要为广大受众所欣赏和接受,故而兴起时具有通俗文学的性质。在词的不断发展中,音乐性逐渐消弱,文学性不断增强,进而日趋典雅。梳理晚唐五代到清代这一漫长的词学发展史,可以看出,词作往往雅俗并存,并逐渐由俗入雅,走过了由民间俗文学向高雅文学渐变的过程。在词体发展进程中,雅俗之辨始终渗透其中,词家大都崇雅而不能去俗。

Ci （Iambic Verses） is a type of musical literature, because it must be put into singing performance for appreciation and recognition the majority of the audience; therefore, it has the nature of popular literature at the rise of the time. In the continuous development of Ci, musical characteristics gradually weakened, while its literary style strengthened, thereby became more elegant. By analyzing the long history of Ci criticism from the Late Tang Dynasty, the Five Dynasty to the Qing dynasty, it indicated that Ci works were characteristic of both refinement and popularity and went through a gradual process from the folk literature to elegant literature. Debate on refinement and popularity always infiltrates in the stylistic development, with most Ci scholars appealing to both refinement and popularity.