局内人行动研究:一种统合研究者与实践者的新方法论

Insider Action Research:A New Methodology of Integration of Researcher and Practitioner

行动研究通常是由组织的局外人进行研究,研究者为组织提供专业的知识和系统的评价,并从组织行动中获得知识。但研究者与实践者分野的模式受到越来越多的质疑,主要集中在:一方面它提供的知识不太贴近实际,另一方面它没有充分利用来自实践的大量经验知识。局内人行动研究是从组织内部实践者的视角出发,统合研究者与实践者两者角色,以此改进行动和生成知识。局外人行动研究的局限性和充分利用实践经验的需求催生了局内人行动研究的产生。因此,区分局内人研究概念、明晰与行动研究的关系,以及认清局内人的"完全成员"角色等,都有助于对局内人行动研究概念的理解。元循环、核心行动研究循环和论文行动研究循环共同构成了局内人行动研究的动力模型,在组织中开展研究项目需要在个体、群体、群际和组织四个层面进行分析,局内人行动研究特有的核心要素和存在的伦理问题都是需要面对的挑战。局内人行动研究仍有待进一步深化和开发,但这一新方法论将拓宽知识创造在实践者和学术界之间转换的渠道,为我国行动研究范式的创新与发展提供有益的借鉴和启示。

Action research（AR） is carried out by the outsider of the organization,who provides professional knowledge and evaluation of the system for the organization,and gains knowledge from the action.However,the isolation mode of researchers and practitioners has been increasingly questioned：on the one hand,it provides knowledge not so close to the reality;on the other hand,it does not make full use of the significant experience and knowledge from practice.Insider action research（IAR） from the perspective of practitioner within the organization,integrates researchers and practitioners in order to improve operations and generate knowledge.The limitations and the requirement of making full use of practical experience of outsider action research gave birth to insider action research.Therefore,clearing the concept of insider research（IR）,distinguishing relationship of insider action research and action research,and recognizing insider＇s role of complete member will help understanding the concept of IAR.Meta-cycle,core research action cycle and thesis research action cycle commonly constitute the dynamic model of insider action research;research projects carried out in organization need to be analyzed from four levels of individual,group,intergroup and organization;IAR will face the challenges such as special core elements and ethical problems.IAR remains to be further studied and developed,but this new methodology will broaden the knowledge creating channel between practice and academia,and provide a useful reference and inspiration for the innovation and development of action research paradigm.