元坝气田超深酸性气藏石油工程技术实践与展望

Practices and prospect of petroleum engineering technologies in ultra-deep sour gas reservoirs,Yuanba Gasfield,Sichuan Basin

位于四川盆地的元坝气田是我国目前已开发的埋藏最深的大型海相碳酸盐岩酸性气田,其上二叠统长兴组生物礁气藏具有超深、高含硫化氢、中低孔渗、储层厚度较薄等特征,气藏经济评价结果认为只有水平井才能降低总体开发投资进而有效开发该气藏。目前,全球开发该类超深高酸性气藏的石油工程技术实践较少,面临着超深水平井安全优快钻完井、测录井、井下作业、安全环保等一系列石油工程技术难题。为此,中石化西南石油工程有限公司以工程地质一体化为手段,基于成功开发普光气田的经验,通过针对性技术攻关和7年潜心实践,形成了超深高酸性气藏水平井钻井提速提效关键技术、超深水平井测录井关键技术、超深高酸性气藏井下作业核心技术和超深高酸性气藏安全环保技术等18项核心技术成果,在元坝气田一、二期产能建设中应用近40口井,全部建成商业气井,实现了34×108 m3净化气产能建设目标。所形成的超深酸性气藏石油工程系列技术对于国内外类似气藏的勘探开发具有借鉴作用。

Located in the Sichuan Basin, the Yuanba Gasfield is the deepest marine sour gas field among those developed in China so far. Its biohermal gas reservoir of the Upper Permian Changxing Fm is characterized by ultra depth, high content of hydrogen sulfide, medium-low porosity and permeability, and small reservoir thickness. Economic evaluation on it shows that horizontal well drilling is the only way to develop this gas reservoir efficiently and to reduce the total development investment. At present, the petroleum engineering technology for this type of ultra-deep sour gas reservoir is less applied in the world, so an ultra-deep horizontal well is subject to a series of petroleum engineering technology difficulties, such as safe and fast well drilling and completion, mud logging, well logging, downhole operation, safety and environmental protection. Based on the successful development experience of the Puguang Gasfield, therefore, Sinopec Southwest Petroleum Engineering Co., Ltd. took the advantage of integrated engineering geology method to carry out specific technical research and perform practice diligently for 7 years. As a result, 18 key items of technologies for ultra-deep high sour gas reservoirs were developed, including horizontal-well drilling speed increasing technology, horizontal-well mud logging and well logging technology, downhole operation technology, and safety and environmental protection technology. These technologies were applied in 40 wells during the first and second phases of productivity construction of the Yuanba Gasfield. All the 40 wells have been built into commercial gas wells, and the productivity construction goal of 3.4 billion m^3 purified gas has also been achieved. These petroleum engineering technologies for ultra-deep sour gas fields play a reference role in exploring and developing similar gas reservoirs at home and abroad.