舟山海岛2010-2014年出生缺陷变化趋势分析

Analysis on tendency of birth defects surveillance in Zhoushan island,2010-2014

目的分析舟山海岛2010-2014年出生缺陷发生率、畸形种类和顺位,探寻降低出生缺陷发生的干预措施,提高海岛地区出生人口质量。方法按照《浙江省卫生监测区统计工作手册(妇幼分册)》要求,对舟山市县级及以上医疗机构进行监测。结果舟山海岛2010-2014年平均围产儿出生缺陷发生率为16.80‰,并呈上升趋势(χ2=4.96,P<0.05);出生缺陷顺位前5位依次为先天性心脏病、多指(趾)、外耳其他畸形、腭裂和直肠肛门闭锁或狭窄;神经管畸形占第8位。结论围产儿出生缺陷率呈逐年上升趋势,其中先天性心脏病、外耳道其他畸形呈明显上升趋势(P<0.01),尿道下裂、神经管畸形呈略上升趋势(P<0.05)。应加强婚、孕期保健,做好产前筛查和产前诊断工作,及早干预,能有效降低围产儿出生缺陷率,提高海岛出生人口素质。

Objective To analyze the incidence of birth defects, malformation types and syn-position during 2010 to 2014, so as to find out the interventions for setting down the preventive strategy and improve population quality. Methods According to Zhejiang Birth Defect Monitoring Program - Maternal and Child, the hospitals of county or above levels were monitored. Results The total incidence of birth defects was 16.80‰ and showed an increasing trend（χ^2=4.96,P〈 0.05） in Zhoushan city form 2010 to 2014. The first five common deformities of birth defects were as follows ：congenital heart diseases, polydactyly, external ear malformation ,palate defects and anus and rectum close.The neural tube defects ranked eighth. Conclusion The incidence of birth defects is increased.There is a significantly ascending trend in the prevalence of congenital heart diseases and ear malformation（P 〈 0.01）, and a slightly increasing trend in the prevalence of hypospadias and neural tube defects （P 〈 0.05）. To reduce the incidence of birth defects improve the quality of the population. intervention measures such as premarital and preconception care, prenatal screening and diagnosis should be strengthened.