枯草芽孢杆菌与铜协同作用对5～16周龄五龙鹅生长性能、屠宰性能、营养物质利用率及肉品质的影响

Effects of Bacillus subtilis Cooperate with Copper on Growth Performance,Slaughter Performance,Nutrient Availability and Meat Quality of Wulong Geese Aged from 5 to 16 Weeks

本试验旨在研究枯草芽孢杆菌与铜协同作用对5-16周龄五龙鹅生长性能、屠宰性能、营养物质利用率及肉品质的影响,旨在探索一种低饲粮铜添加水平的方法。试验选用5周龄五龙鹅360只,随机分为6组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只（公母各占1/2）。Ⅰ组为对照组（铜添加水平为16 mg/kg,未添加枯草芽孢杆菌）;Ⅱ-Ⅵ组为枯草芽孢杆菌添加组（枯草芽孢杆菌添加水平为250 g/t）,铜添加水平分别为0、4、8、12、16 mg/kg。试验期12周。结果表明：1）枯草芽孢杆菌添加组中铜添加水平为8 mg/kg时平均日增重与料重比最佳。2）Ⅳ组、Ⅴ组、Ⅵ组屠宰率、半净膛率显著或极显著高于Ⅰ组（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。3）Ⅳ组的粗蛋白质利用率显著高于Ⅰ组（P〈0.05）,Ⅳ组、Ⅴ组、Ⅵ组粗纤维利用率、酸性洗涤纤维利用率、铜表观消化率显著或极显著高于Ⅰ组（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。4）Ⅳ组的沉积氮和氮利用率显著或极显著高于Ⅰ组（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）,粪氮显著低于Ⅰ组（P〈0.05）。由此可见,饲粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌可以提高铜利用率,从而降低饲粮中铜添加水平,提高生长性能、屠宰性能和营养物质利用率;建议5-16周龄肉鹅在饲粮中添加250 g/t枯草芽孢杆菌条件下,铜适宜添加水平为8 mg/kg。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of Bacillus subtilis cooperate with copper on growth performance,slaughter performance,nutrient availability and meat quality of Wulong geese aged from5 to 16 weeks,and to find a method to reduced dietary copper supplemental level.A total of 360 five-week-old Wulong geese were randomly divided into 6 groups with 6 replicates per group and 10 geese per replicate（half male and half female）.Geese in the group I（control group） were fed an optimal supplemental level of copper（copper supplemental level was 16 mg/kg,without Bacillus subtilis）;and geese in groupsⅡto Ⅵ were fed Bacillus subtilis（250 g/t）,and were fed the diets supplemented with 0,4,8,12,16 mg/kg copper,respectively.The experiment lasted for 12 weeks.The results showed as follows：1） in the Bacillus subtilis supplemental groups,when dietary copper supplemental level was 8 mg/kg,the average daily gain and feed to gain ratio reached the best.2） The dressed percentage and percentage of half-eviscerated yield in groups IV,V and VI were significantly higher than those in group I（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）.3） The crude protein availability in group IV was significantly higher than that in group I（P〈0.05）,the crude fiber availability,acid detergent fiber availability and copper apparent digestibility in groups IV,V and VI were significantly higher than those in group I（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）.4） The deposited nitrogen and availability of nitrogen in group IV were significantly higher than those in group I（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）,and the nitrogen from excrement was significantly lower than that in group I（P〈0.05）.In conclusion,added Bacillus subtilis to diet can promote the availability of copper,reduce the dietary supplemental level of copper,promote growth performance,slaughter performance and nutrient availability.The optimal supplemental level of Bacillus subtilis is 250 g/t and the level of copper is 8 mg/kg.