放牧和舍饲育肥对绒山羊血浆和肌肉氨基酸组成的影响

Effects of Pasture Fattening and Stall Fattening on Amino Acid Profile in Plasma and Muscle of Cashmere Goats

本试验研究了放牧和舍饲育肥对阿尔巴斯白绒山羊成年羊和断奶羔羊血液和肌肉组织(背最长肌、臂三头肌、股二头肌和臀肌)中氨基酸组成的影响。采用2×2因子试验设计,选择体重、体型外貌接近、健康无病的4月龄阿尔巴斯白绒山羊断奶羔羊[(20.36±0.32)kg]60只和5岁成年羊[(40.38±0.84)kg]60只,分为4组,每组30只。因素1为育肥方式,放牧育肥和舍饲育肥(采食全混合日粮)2种,分别记为PF和SF;因素2为年龄,成年羊和羔羊2个阶段,分别记为AG与KG。成年羊和羔羊分别进行60和90 d的育肥。结果表明:PF组血浆非必需氨基酸(NEAA)和呈味氨基酸(DAA)浓度显著低于SF组(P<0.05),必需氨基酸(EAA)、功能性氨基酸(FAA)和限制性氨基酸(LAA)浓度显著高于SF组(P<0.05)。KG组血浆NEAA、FAA和DAA浓度显著高于AG组(P<0.05),而EAA、支链氨基酸(BCAA)和LAA浓度均显著低于AG组(P<0.05)。总体上,PF组肌肉粗蛋白质(CP)、EAA、NEAA、总氨基酸(TAA)、BCAA、FAA和DAA含量低于SF组。KG组肌肉CP、EAA、NEAA、TAA、BCAA、LAA、FAA和DAA含量高于AG组。由此可见,舍饲育肥绒山羊肌肉氨基酸组成优于放牧育肥,断奶羔羊肌肉的氨基酸组成优于成年羊。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of pasture fattening and stall fattening on amino acid profile in plasma and muscle tissues（Longissimus dorsi,arm triceps biceps femoris and gluteus） of adult and weaner kid goats of Albas white cashmere goats.The experiment adopted 2x2 factorial arrangement.Sixty healthy weaner 4-month old Albas white cashmere kid goats[（20.36 ＋ 0.32） kg]and sixty 5-year old adult goats[（40.38＋0.84） kg]with similar body weight,body form and appearance were selected and then divided into 4 groups with thirty animals each.The first factor was fattening methods that divided into pasture fattening and stall fattening（ingested total mixed ration）,which were named PF and SF,respectively.The second factor was age that divided into adult and kid goats,which were named AG and KG,respectively.Adult and kid goats were fattened for 60 and 90 d,respectively.The result showed as follows：compared with SF group,plasma concentrations of non-essential amino acid（NEAA） and delicious amino acid（DAA） were significantly lower in PF group（P〈0.05）,but those of essential amino acid（EAA）,functional amino acid（FAA） and limited amino acid（LAA） were significantly higher in PF group（P〈0.05）.Compared with AG group,plasma concentrations of NEAA,FAA and DAA of KG group were significantly higher（P〈0.05）,and EAA,branched chain amino acid（BCAA） and LAA in plasma of KG group were significantly lower（P〈0.05）.In general,the contents of crude protein（CP）,EAA,NEAA,total amino acid（TAA）,BCAA,FAA and DAA in muscle were lower in PF group compared to SF group.The contents of CP,EAA,NEAA,TAA,BCAA,LAA,FAA and DAA in muscle were higher in KG group compared to AG group.The results indicate that stall fattening cashmere goats have better muscular amino acid profile than pasture fattening goats,and weaner kid goats have better muscular amino acid profile than adult goats.