新疆巴州大中专学生艾滋病防治知识认知和行为调查

Investigation on AIDS awareness and behavior among students of two colleges in Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture,Xinjiang

目的了解新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州(简称巴州)地区大中专学生对艾滋病防治知识的认知和行为现状及观念,为大中专院校开设健康教育课程、做好艾滋病的健康干预工作提供支持。方法采取分层整群抽样法,采用自行设计的调查表,对巴州地区2 377名在校大中专学生进行现场不记名问卷调查,运用Epi Data建立数据库录入数据,采用Spss 18.0软件进行描述性分析。结果巴州大中专学生对艾滋病传播途径有一定程度了解,大部分问卷题目的正确应答率达70.00%以上,但对非传播途径如蚊虫叮咬和共用劳动工具是否传播艾滋病的知晓率仅为26.00%和79.60%,卫生学校学生的艾滋病防治知识知晓率均高于师范学院;学生中4.71%有过性行为,19.48%赞同婚前性行为,仅37.32%认为正确使用安全套可以降低艾滋病传播的危险,30.46%愿意与感染艾滋病病毒的熟人继续交往,绝大部分不愿参与HIV感染者及艾滋病患者的救助工作。结论巴州地区大中专学生对艾滋病防治知识的知晓率低于国内其他地区;对艾滋病预防办法掌握不足,自我保护意识及技能均较缺乏,存在较高比例的艾滋病歧视和恐惧心理;建议大中专院校把艾滋病的防治列为必修课或选修课,提高艾滋病基本知识知晓率,减少对艾滋病的歧视和恐惧。

Objective To know the knowledge awareness and behavior of students from two colleges in Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture in Xinjiang, to provide evidence and support for arrangement of health education courses and related intervention in AIDS in the campus. Methods An anonymous investigation was carried out in 2 377 students of two colleg- es in the prefecture with self-designed questionnaire, using the multi-stratified cluster sampling approach. A database was es- tablished with Epi Data 3.0, and the data were analyzed by Spss 18.0 software. Results The college students were aware of transmission routine of AIDS to a certain extent, with the accuracy of most subjects more than 70.00%. However, the aware- ness rate of non-transmissible routes was only 26.00% and 79.60% of whether insect bites and stings spread HIV/AIDS and sharing labor tools transmitted HIV/AIDS or not. Students from health school had higher awareness rate of AIDS knowledge than the students from teachers institute did. 4.71% of the college students had sex behvior, 19.48% agreed with premarital sex behavior, and 37.32% considered that correct use of condoms could reduce risk of HIV infection. Only 30.46% were will- ing to associate with their friends who got infection with HIV. Conclusions The awareness rate of AIDS related knowl- edge of college students in the prefecture is lower than that of the students in other regions. The students lack precaution and skills for AIDS prevention. Most of them have fear and even discrimination against AIDS. We suggest that AIDS prevention should be listed in required course or elective course in the college. Measures should be taken to highlight AIDS knowledge education, to enhance AIDS related knowledge awareness rate among students. And efforts should be made to help all stu- dents build confidence of AIDS control, to reduce the discrimination and fear in young people.