病毒抗原表位研究方法进展及其多表位疫苗的应用

Progress of research methods of viral antigen epitope and application of multi-epitope vaccines

目的综述病毒抗原表位研究方法及多表位疫苗的应用。方法查阅并整理大量病毒抗原表位和病毒多表位疫苗的相关文献,总结抗原表位研究方法和多表位疫苗的应用。结果病毒抗原表位的研究方法基本成熟,根据不同抗原表位可选用不同的鉴定及研究方法,本文总结了病毒抗原表位预测法、抗原肽合成法、噬菌体展示法、化学裂解法及酶裂解法和核磁共振分析法(NMR)及表面等离子共振技术(SPR)法等多个病毒抗原表位鉴定法;多表位疫苗目前已成为疫苗研究的热点,拥有诸多研究前例,为病毒多表位疫苗创造了无限的发展前景。结论由于体内免疫应答反应的复杂性和许多研究方法的局限性,仅用一种鉴定方法不能够完全体现出全部的免疫应答反应,因此需要结合使用多种方法才能得到更全面的抗原表位数据;随着现代生物学的不断发展和完善,创建更加先进准确和快速的抗原研究方法仍有待于进一步的研究。

Objective To summarize research methods of viral epitopes and application ofmulti-epitope vaccine. Methods A large number of literatures related to viral epitopes and viral multi-epitope vaccine were referred to and sorted, and epitope research methods and applications of multi-epitope vaccine were summarized. Results The study methods of viral epi- topes were matured mainly. Different identification methods for different antigenic epitopes could be selected according to various epitopes. This article summarizes the virus antigen epitope prediction method, and virus antigen epitope identification method, such as the antigen peptide synthesis, phage display method, chemical decomposition method, enzyme decomposi- tion method, nuclear magnetic resonance analysis （NMR） and surface plasma resonance （SPR） technology, ect. Multi-epitope vaccine became a hot vaccine research and a lot of studies were precedent, which created unlimited prospects for the develop- ment of virus multi-epitope vaccine. Conclusions Due to the complexity of the immune response and the limitations of many methods of response, only one determination method can not fully reflect all of the immune response, so various methods must be combined to get a more comprehensive epitope binding data. With the continuous development and improvement of modem biology, more accurate and advanced rapid antigen research methods remain to be created for further study.