鉴定过程中对框架与砖混结构的区分

The difference between frame and brick structure in appraisal

鉴定过程中遇到没有图纸或遗失图纸的建筑,需重新绘制图纸,对建筑的结构体系,受力特点进行分析。对于某些多层住宅、办公楼等建筑,内部墙体较多,初步判断不易区分属于框架还是砖混结构,可从传力路径,施工特点,裂缝形态等方面进行区分。框架和砖混结构的传力特点,决定框架柱梁构件截面与配筋要大于构造柱圈梁;两种结构的传力特点与施工顺序相对应,决定了两者的钢筋混凝土构件与砖墙交界处具有不同形态;两种结构传力构件的不同,使得两者的裂缝分布也具有不同特点,可以通过出现的两种常见典型裂缝,作为判断承重构件的辅助依据。鉴定中除了应该正确判断结构的整体型式,对结构局部传力方式的改变也应正确辨别。

In the process of appraisal, sometimes there are no design drawings of the building. It is need to redraw the drawings. Therefore, we need to analyze the structural system of the building and the characteristics of the force. For some multi - storey residential or office building, preliminary judgment is not easy to distinguish the difference of the frame or brick structure. The force transmissi.on characteristics of frame and masonry structure decide that frame section and reinforcement should be greater than the construction column and ring beam. The transfer characteristics of the two kinds of structures depend on the construction sequence. The component of the reinforced concrete and brick wall is different. The supporting component can be judged by the emergence of two kinds of typical cracks. The overall pattern of the structure should be correctly judged, at the same time the change of the local force transmission should be correctly identified.