浙江省杭州市2010～2014年出生儿童脊髓灰质炎疫苗接种分析

Coverage of Poliovirus Vaccine among Children Born between 2010 and 2014 in Hangzhou City,Zhejiang Province

目的分析杭州市2010～2014年出生儿童不同类型脊髓灰质炎（脊灰）疫苗接种情况，为脊灰灭活疫苗（IPV）纳入国家免疫规划（EPI）策略改变的衔接提供依据。方法从杭州市儿童免疫规划信息管理系统中导出2010～2014年出生儿童脊灰疫苗接种数据，运用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果杭州市2010～2014年出生儿童566894人，脊灰疫苗基础免疫接种率为97．52％，全程使用口服脊灰减毒活疫苗（OPV）、全程使用IPV和使用序贯程序的儿童比例分别为70．57％、27．01％和2．41％。全程使用IPV的覆盖率逐年增高，城区儿童（41．98％）高于农村儿童（18．98％），常住儿童（34．06％）高于流动儿童（17．64％）。结论杭州市脊灰疫苗接种水平较高，IPV使用比例和全程使用IPV的儿童增多，全程使用IPV儿童可能存在潜在的肠道免疫缺失的风险，建议开展相关研究，同时在IPV纳入EPI的过渡时期做好宣传沟通工作。

Objective To assess coverage of poliovirus vaccine （PV） among children born between 2010 and 2014 in Hangzhou, and to provide evidence for introducing inactivated poliovirus vaccine （IPV） into the national Expanded Program on Immunization （EPI）. Methods We obtained PV vaccination data for children born between 2010 and 2014 in Hangzhou from the Hangzhou Children＇s Immunization Informa- tion Administration System, and we used descriptive epidemiological methods to analyze the data. Re- suits There were 566,894 infants born between 2010 and 2014 in Hangzhou; the PV coverage rate was 97.52%. Among vaccinated children, 70. 57% used a full schedule of oral poliomyelitis attenuated live vaccine （OPV） ; 27.01% used a full schedule of IPV; and 2.41% used a sequential schedule of IPV and OPV. Use of a full IPV schedule increased year by year, and was higher among urban children （41.98%） ..than among rural children （18.98%）, and higher among local children （34.06%） than a- mong migrant children （ t7.64% ）. Conclusions The PV coverage among children is high in Hangzhou. Use of a full IPV schedule is increasing among young children. With an all-IPV schedule, there is a po- tential decrease in intestinal immunity, and this should be evaluated carefully. Communications and ad- vocacy should be enhanced during the introduction of IPV into EPI.