河北省保定市2013～2015年疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析

Surveillance of Adverse Events Following Immunization in Baoding City of Hebei Province,2013-2015

目的分析保定市2013～2015年疑似预防接种异常反应（Adverse Events Following Immunization，AEFI）的发生特征，初步评价疫苗的安全性。方法通过中国AEFI监测系统收集2013-2015报告的AEFl个案数据，采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果保定市2013～2015年共报告AEFI3178例，报告发生率为22．65／10万剂，其中严重AEFI报告22例，报告发生率为0．15／10万剂。一般反应和异常反应报告发生率分别为21．64／10万剂、0．82／10万剂。AEFI报告数男、女性别比为1．31：1，≤1岁占83．10％，主要发生在接种后≤1d。一般反应以发热、红肿、硬结为主，异常反应以过敏性皮疹、卡介苗淋巴结炎为主。96．95％的AEFI治愈。结论保定市AEFI监测系统运转正常，各疫苗异常反应报告发生率在预期范围内。≤1岁儿童与接种疫苗0～l天为AEFI监测重点。

Objective To determine characteristics of adverse events following immunization information （AEFI） in Baoding from 2013 to 2015, and to assess vaccine safety. Methods The AEFI data reported in 2013-2015 were obtained from the Chinese AEFI Surveillance Information Management System and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods. Results 3 178 AEFI cases were reported in 2013-2015 in Baod- ing, for a reported rate of 22. 65 per 100 000 doses; 22 cases were serious AEFls, for a reported rate of O. 17 per 100 000 doses. The reported rates of common and rare vaccine reactions were 21.64 and 0. 82 per 100 000 doses, respectively. The case ratio of male to female was 1.31： 1. Cases ≤ 1 year old accounted for 81.10% of reports. The most common symptoms of vaccine reactions were fever, local swelling, and local induration. The primary diagnoses of rare vaccine reactions were anaphylactic rash and lymphadenitis of Bacilli Calmette-Guerin vaccine. Most rare vaccine reactions occurred within 1 day following vaccination; 96. 95% of all AEFIs were recovered. Conclusions The AFEI surveillance system performed well in Baod- ing, and the incidence of rare vaccine reactions was not higher than the expected for each vaccine. AEFI surveillance should focus on children ≤ 1 year old and on the day of vaccination and the following day.