中英煽动恐怖主义犯罪比较

Comparison and Comments on the Crime of Incitement to Terrorism of China and UK

英国《反恐法案2006》在历经迂回曲折的立法博弈后将间接煽动恐怖主义的行为规定为犯罪,并且制定了相对详细的限制性条件和救济条款。虽然该法案是在伦敦爆炸案发生后仓促制定,其在关键问题上用语之模糊、对公民言论自由权利的侵犯以及由此导致的法律非确定性遭到了诸多批评,但仍对完善我国煽动恐怖主义犯罪刑事立法具有重要的参考意义。应当通过出台相关的解释或指导性意见,统一法律适用的标准。同时,应当区分以"发布言论"和"传播出版物"实施的煽动或宣扬行为,增加对涉嫌煽动恐怖主义的言论和出版物认定的限制性条件,并在程序上考虑增加一些保障性的措施,以有效打击恐怖主义犯罪,防止过度及不必要地限制公民的言论自由。

After several rounds of discussion and negotiation in the house of chambers in UK,the Terrorism Act 2006 defines the indirect incitement to terrorism as a criminal offence with rather specific conditions and remedies. Although the Act was promulgated shortly after the London bombing and was criticized for the ambiguity on some key norms,the possible infringement to freedom of expression and the uncertainty of law,it is still of important reference to the improvement of the legislation concerning the crime of incitement to terrorism in China. It is suggested that an explanatory note or guideline on the crime of incitement to terrorism shall be published for the unification in the application of law. Meanwhile,the incitement crime by means of the publishing of terrorism statement and the dissemination of terrorist publications shall be regulated separately,and some specific preconditions and procedural guarantees shall be added into the current law for a balance of combating terrorism and protecting free-dom of expression.