检察权内部监督机制研究

Research on the Internal Supervision Mechanism of the Prosecutorial Power

检察机关是法律监督机关,面临着"谁来监督监督者"的诘问。实践中检察权不正当行使甚至违法行使的案例时有发生,建立并完善内部监督机制是检察权自我净化的重要举措。检察权内部监督的核心问题在于理顺并平衡检察一体与检察官独立之间的关系,需要从检察一体出发进行制度考量。检察权内部监督的要素可以分为静态要素和动态要素,前者包括职务犯罪侦查权、逮捕权、公诉权;后者包括运行主体、运行过程、运行结果。完善检察权内部监督机制应同时兼顾动态要素和静态要素。从静态要素上看,应构建纵向维度的上下级检察机关及上下级检察官之间的监督关系,横向维度的案件管理部门、纪检监察部门对职务犯罪侦查权、逮捕权、公诉权的监督关系;从动态要素上看,应在运行主体上建立检察官的职业化管理体制,在运行程序上实现内部流程规范化,在运行结果上实现考核评估机制科学化,建立起立体化的监督网络。

As the legal supervision organ,the procuratoriate faces the question of ' who supervises the supervisor'. Establishing and improving the internal supervision mechanism is an important measure to make the procuratorial power self-purify. The procuratorial internal supervision can be divided into the static supervision and the dynamic supervision. The former includes the supervision for the investigation right,the arresting right,and the prosecution right; the latter includes the supervision for the main body,the running process and the result of the operation. For the static supervision,we should build the vertical relationship between the procuratoriate and the procurator of different levels,and the horizontal relationship between the case management departments and the discipline supervision departments. For the dynamic elements,we should build the professional management system for the prosecutors,normalize the internal process for the power operation, and scientize the evaluation mechanism for the operation results,establishing a three-dimensional monitoring network for the procuratoriatial power.