刑事强制医疗的程序转换

Study on the Alteration of the Criminal Involuntary Commitment Procedure

刑事强制医疗特别程序与普通程序并不绝对互斥,当各自适用的条件发生了变化,可能要转换为另一种程序时,关键要看程序所能提供的保障程度。应对《刑事诉讼法》第285条第2款第3句作出实质解释,普通程序中可以附带地作出强制医疗决定;只有从强制医疗程序转而适用普通程序才算是真正的程序转换,这个过程可以自动发生,不必程序倒流。原则上二审程序及复议程序也应照此处理。

The criminal involuntary commitment procedure and the regular first instance procedure of criminal cases are not mutually exclusive completely. With the changing of the conditions,the applicable procedure can be altered from one to another,depending on which procedure provides more protection for the respondent. We should interpret the third sentence of paragraph 2 of Article 285 of CriminalProcedure Law in a substantial way. The provision should mean that the decision of applying the involuntary commitment procedure can be made collaterally in the regular first instance procedure of criminal trial. What we consider as the real alteration of procedure is the alteration from the involuntary commitment procedure to the regular procedure,which can happen automatically and does not need the backflow of the procedure. In principle,the same rules apply in the appellate procedure and the review procedure.