核糖体展示研究进展

Current Progress on Ribosome Display

核糖体展示是一种无细胞系统,可以从文库中筛选蛋白质和多肽。翻译的蛋白质及其mRNA同时结合在核糖体上形成mRNA-核糖体-蛋白质三聚体,通过配体亲和分离得到功能性蛋白及其编码的mRNA,转换成对应的DNA后进行相关蛋白的表达,可用于抗体及蛋白质文库选择、蛋白质体外改造等,而且其可以展示较大的文库而不受细菌转化的限制,可对毒蛋白、蛋白酶敏感和不稳定的蛋白质进行筛选,也可在特定位点进行氨基酸修饰。就核糖体展示技术的研究进展及其在蛋白质进化和筛选方面的应用进行综述。

Ribosome display is a cell-free system for the selection of proteins and peptides from large libraries. It uses the principle of coupling the translated proteins（phenotypes）and their corresponding mRNA（genotypes）to ribosome and the stable protein-ribosome-mRNA complexes are formed. Then,the functional proteins and the corresponding encoding mRNAs are obtained by the simultaneous affinity separation of ligands,and they are converted and amplified as DNA for further expressions of related proteins,as well as selection of antibody and protein libraries,in vitro modification of proteins. It may display very large libraries while it is not limited by bacterial transformation. It is also suitable for screening the toxic,proteolytically sensitive,and unstable proteins,and allows the incorporation of modifying amino acids at defined loci. In this paper,research progress on ribosome display systems and their applications in the selection and evolution of proteins are reviewed.