不同胎龄早期新生儿75例的心电图右心参数

Characteristics of electrocardiographic parameters of the right heart in 75 cases of early newborns with varying gestational age

目的了解不同胎龄早期新生儿心电图右心参数的特点。方法选择2014年1月至2015年1月出生的早期新生儿75例，按照胎龄分组：A组15例，胎龄为28～30周；B组18例，胎龄为〉30～33周；C组17例，胎龄为〉33～37周；D组25例，胎龄为〉37～40周。采用12导同步心电图检查仪对新生儿进行检查，比较各组心电图时限检出结果、QRS振幅、RV1振幅的变化。结果1.A组、B组、C组和D组P-R间期分别为（0.090±0.011） s、（0.095±0.012） s、（0.098±0.013） s、（0.105±0.014） s，各组P-R间期比较差异有统计学意义（F＝7.458，P〈0.05），D组P-R间期显著长于A组、B组和C组（P〈0.05）；各组QRS时限和QTc时限比较差异无统计学意义（F＝1.626、1.569，P均〉0.05）。2.A组：QRS振幅（4.430±1.380） mV，RV1振幅（0.850±0.420） mV；B组：QRS振幅（4.800±1.350） mV，RV1振幅（1.012±0.425） mV；C组：QRS振幅（5.200±1.600） mV，RV1振幅（1.210±0.520） mV；D组：QRS振幅（5.800±1.800） mV，RV1振幅（1.509±0.525） mV；各组QRS振幅比较差异有统计学意义（F＝7.002，P〈0.05），且各组RV1振幅比较差异亦有统计学意义（F＝16.870，P〈0.05）；两两比较D组QRS振幅明显高于A组和C组，D组RV1振幅明显高于A组、B组和C组（P均〈0.05）。其他各组间比较差异均无统计学意义（P均〉0.05）。结论早期新生儿心电图右心参数与胎龄有一定相关性，其P-R间期随胎龄的增加而延长，QRS和RV1振幅随着胎龄的增加而升高。

Objective To observe the characteristics of electrocardiographic parameters of the right heart in the early newborns with different gestational age.Methods Seventy-five cases of early newborns from January 2014 to January 2015 were selected.They were divided into 4 groups according to gestational age, 15 cases in group A （28-30 weeks）, 18 cases in group B （〉30-33 weeks）, 17 cases in group C （〉33-37 weeks） and 25 cases in group D （〉37-40 weeks）. All newborns were examined by the synchronous 12-lead ECG machine, and the changes in ECG time limit detection Results , QRS amplitude and RV1 amplitude were compared among groups.Results （1） There was a significant difference in P-R intervals among group A[（0.090±0.011） s], group B[（0.095±0.012） s], group C[（0.098±0.013） s] and group D[（0.105±0.014） s] （F=7.458, P〈0.05）. The P-R intervals of group A, group B and group C were much shorter than those of group D （P〈0.05）; the comparison of QRS duration and QTc among groups had no statistical significance（F=1.626, 1.569, all P〉0.05）. （2）In group A： QRS amplitude was： （4.430±1.380） mV, RV1 amplitude： （0.850±0.420） mV; in group B： QRS amplitude was： （4.800±1.350） mV, RV1 amplitude： （1.012±0.425） mV; in group C： QRS amplitude was： （5.200±1.600） mV, RV1 amplitude： （1.210±0.520） mV; in group D： QRS amplitude was： （5.800±1.800） mV, RV1 amplitude： （1.509±0.525） mV.There were significant differences in QRS and RV1 amplitude among 4 groups（F=7.002, 16.870, all P〈0.05）. The QRS amplitude changes in group A and group C were far less than those in group D（P〈0.05）, the RV1 amplitude changes in group A, group B, and group C were far less than those in group D （P〈0.05）, and there was no difference between among other groups （all P〉0.05）.Conclusions There are correlations between the electrocardiographic parameters of right heart and the gestational age of newborn infants.These parameters, including the P-R intervals, the amplitude of QRS and RV1, increase with the gestational age.