下颈椎单侧小关节脱位的研究进展

Current research on unilateral cervical facet dislocation of the lower cervical spine

单侧小关节脱位是较为常见的颈椎损伤，且以C5-6最常发生，这与其解剖及形态学特征密切相关。该损伤由屈曲和旋转暴力协同作用所致，但主要因素尚不明确。治疗分为非手术治疗和手术治疗，但仍未确定最佳的治疗方案。现在被普遍接受的方案是首先行闭合复位，再根据闭合复位成功与否及有无出现创伤性椎间盘突出决定下一步治疗。

Unilateral facet dislocation of the lower cervical spine is an important subgroup of cervical spine injuries, accounting for from 12% to 16% of all cervical spine injuries. Unilateral facet dislocation occurs the most commonly at the C5-6 level, and is closely related to the anatomic and morphometric features of the cervical facet. This injury has been attributed to combined flexion and rotation, but it remains unclear whether flexion or rotation is the component of greater importance. Its treatment includes nonoperative and operative measures but optimal treatment has not been established. It is generally accepted that a recommendable treatment protocol begins with closed reduction and proceeds depending on whether the closed reduction succeeds and traumatic disc herniation is present or not.