牛病毒性腹泻-黏膜病研究概述

Introduction to Bovine Viral Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease

牛病毒性腹泻-黏膜病是由牛病毒性腹泻病毒(BVDV)引起的牛的一种急性、热性传染病,主要表现为腹泻、黏膜脱落、母畜流产、产死胎和畸胎,持续性感染、免疫耐受与免疫抑制等。流行病学调查发现,该病在世界范围内广泛流行,特别是在许多畜牧业发达的国家和地区普遍存在。我国有20多个省、市、自治区有该病流行,并且有较高的感染率。携带BVDV的牛是牛源生物制品及生物活性材料的潜在污染源,给畜牧业生产及相关领域造成严重的经济损失。论文主要对牛病毒性腹泻-黏膜病的病原学分类与分型、感染与流行情况、国内外现状及防控策略进行了综述。

As an acute and febrile infectious disease caused by bovine viral diarrhea virus（BVDV）, bovine viral diarrhea-mucosal disease （BVD-MD） is characterized by diarrhea, mucosa exfoliative, pregnant cow abortion,dead fetus and abnormal fetus, persistent infection and immunotolerance, immunosupression. The epidemiological studies showed that BVD is widely prevalent in many countries and regions with developed cattle industry. The disease has been prevalent in more than 20 provinces with a high infection rates. Furthermore,cattle with BVDV are the potential source of contamination to bioproducts and bioactive materials, cause severe economic loss to animal husbandry production and related industry. This paper mainly introduced the pathogen classification and typing, infection and epidemic states at home and abroad, preventive strategies.