殷墟甲骨文“■”、“■”两字考辨

Textual Research and Interpretation of the Two Oracle-bone Characters ＂ ＂ and ＂ ＂

殷墟甲骨文中有“ ”、“ ”两字,旧有对此二字的认识存在颇多分歧,甚或误混为一字。本文将其明确分为两字,并辨析其字形异同,澄清一些错误认识。“ ”字从“豕”声,卜辞皆用为贞人名（或作“豕”）;“ ”字从“ （豭）”声,卜辞用为动词,应读为“泝/溯”,甚至可能就是“泝/溯”的古字。

To ＂ ＂ and ＂ ＂, two characters in the oracle-bone inscriptions unearthed from Yin ruins, there were a lot of different interpretations, and they even were mixed up as one character. In this dissertation,we divided them into two characters definitely, discriminated the similarities and differences of their graphemes, and clarified some wrong misconceptions. It is considered that character ＂ ＂ took ＂ ＂ as the phonetic component, and was used as a diviner＇s name; character ＂ ＂ took ＂ （豭）＂ as the phonetic component, and was used as verb ＂泝/溯＂. We even can say that ＂ ＂ was the ancient form of ＂泝/溯＂.