电动汽车正面碰撞安全性能分析与结构优化

Frontal Impact Safety Performance Analysis and Structure Optimization of Electric Vehicle

为研究某电动汽车车身结构的安全性能,根据中国新车评价规程(C-NCAP)搭建了整车正面碰撞有限元模型,并对该电动汽车进行了正面碰撞仿真分析。针对该电动汽车出现的中央通道弯折严重、前地板变形过大而导致的电池安全性问题,从正面碰撞载荷传递方式和车身变形情况分析了该问题产生的原因并提出了优化方案。优化结果表明,该优化方案提高了中央通道的抗弯能力,前地板变形趋势减弱,电池安全性能提高。最后通过实车试验验证了该优化方案的可行性。

The finite element model of vehicle frontal impact was built in accordance with China New Car Assessment Program （C-NCAP） for investigation the safety performance of electric vehicle body structure, and frontal impact simulation analysis was made to this electric vehicle. For the serious bending of central tunnel and excessive large front floor deformation, which led to safety problem of battery, cause of this problem was analyzed from the transmission mode of frontal impact load transfer and the body deformation of, and an optimized solution was proposed. The optimization showed that this solution improved the bending capability of the central tunnel, the bending trend at the front floor weakened, and safety performance of battery was improved. Feasibility of this optimization was verified with vehicle test.