环境友好型塑料清洗剂的研制

The Development of Environmentally Friendly Plastic Cleaning Agent

随着清洗剂需求的逐年增大,清洗剂的环境影响也受到极大关注,研制出清洗效率高、环境污染小的新型清洗剂成为该领域的一大重点。本研究以塑料上的人工油污为清洗对象,基于表面活性剂十二烷基磺酸钠和脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠的增效效应,选用两种碱性助剂硅酸钠和碳酸钠,最后复配生物表面活性剂鼠李糖脂,从而增强配伍性及环境友好性,提高洗油率。在此基础上,建立单因素实验和正交实验来确定清洗剂配方成分比例。实验结果显示环境友好型塑料清洗剂的最优配方是:鼠李糖脂25%,脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠3.5%,十二烷基磺酸钠1.5%,碳酸钠10%,硅酸钠15%其余为水。清洗时稀释100倍使用。

With the increasing demand for cleaning agents, the environmental impact of cleaning agents has been greatly concerned. The development of new cleaning agents with a high cleaning efficiency and little envi- ronmental pollution has become a major focus in the field. In the study, with artificial oil on plastics as cleaning objects, two kinds of alkaline additives including sodium silicate and sodium carbonate were selected based on the enhancing effect of surface-active agent dodecyl sulfonie acid sodium and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate. Rhamnolipid biosurfactant was finally compounded to increase the compatibility and environment-friendliness, thereby increasing the oil flushing rate. On this basis, the single-factor experiment and orthogonal experiment were established to determine the proportion of components of the detergent formula. The experimental results showed that the optimal formula of the environment-friendly cleaning agent for plastics is： rhamnolipid 25%, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate 3,5%, sodium dodecyl sulfonate 1.5%, sodium carbonate 10%, sodium silicate 15% and water, diluted 100 times for cleaning use.