基于分布式控制的电动汽车分层优化调度

Hierarchical Optimal Scheduling for Electric Vehicles Based on Distributed Control

针对传统的集中式控制方式计算量大,电动汽车用户难以接受集中控制指令的问题,采用基于分布式控制的电动汽车充放电分层管理框架,适用于大规模电动汽车的优化调度。采取用户自主提交可接受充电计划集、本地运营商审核、配电网控制中心统一调度的方式对电动汽车的充放电行为进行管理。在对电动汽车的充放电负荷进行建模的基础上,分别建立电动汽车智能体最大化自身收益的车网互动优化模型、本地运营商最小化负荷峰谷差的优化调度模型,以及配电网控制中心的安全控制调度模型,兼顾各个层次的效益。以包含3个本地运营商的IEEE 33节点系统为例,对各个层次的行为及控制策略进行仿真,验证了所述分层管理架构的有效性。

Considering the large amount of calculation and difficult control instruction acceptance for electric vehicle（ EV） consumers by using traditional centralized control strategies,a vehicle-to-grid（ V2G） management framework of hierarchical architecture is adopted based on distributed control,which is applicable to large-scale EV optimization scheduling. In the framework,EV agents submit their charging schemes to local operator agents（ LAs） that is in the control of distribution networks center agents（ DNAs）.Through building the charging and discharging load model of a single EV agent,the V2 G optimization model of EV agent for maximizing its profit is built. LA aims at minimizing the peak-valley difference and DNA is committed to ensure the safety of distribution networks.In the case of IEEE 33-bus system with 3 LAs,the behaviors and strategies of each layer are simulated to verify the effectiveness of proposed hierarchical architecture.