几种国产高模碳纤维特性实验分析

Experimental analysis of properties of several domestic high-modulus carbon fibers

采用SEM、金相显微镜、AFM、XPS、XRD表征了3种国产（CCM40J,CCM40,CCM46J）和1种进口（东丽M40JB）高模碳纤维的表面特性及结晶结构,并对高模碳纤维与环氧树脂的微观界面及复丝力学性能进行了研究。结果发现：高模碳纤维的表面都存在明显沟槽,但表面粗糙度差异不大,均有圆形、腰果形、椭圆形等截面形状;表面主要含C、O、N、Si 4种元素,M40JB的O/C比和活性碳原子含量都高于国产高模碳纤维;按M40JB、CCM40J、CCM40、CCM46J的顺序,石墨微晶尺寸越来越大,石墨化程度增高,M40JB的取向度最小,CCM46J的取向度最大,而CCM40J与CCM40的取向度相近;表面能大小顺序为M40JB〉CCM40〉CCM46J〉CCM40J,80℃时与环氧树脂E51、固化剂4,4′-二氨基二苯砜（DDS）的树脂体系E51-DDS和4,4′-二氨基二苯甲烷环氧树脂（AG80）、固化剂DDS的树脂体系AG80-DDS的动态接触角均在35°～50°之间,说明浸润性良好;CCM46J与E51-DDS的界面剪切强度（IFSS）最高,M40JB与AG80-DDS的界面剪切强度最高;国产3种高模碳纤维复丝的拉伸强度和拉伸模量都高于M40JB,其中CCM40J的拉伸强度最高,CCM46J的拉伸模量最高;所测高模碳纤维复丝的压缩强度能达到各自拉伸强度的44%～53%,CCM46J复丝的压缩强度最高。

The surface properties and crystalline structure of three kinds of domestic high-modulus carbon fibers（CCM40J,CCM40,CCM46J）and an imported high-modulus carbon fiber（Toray M40JB）were investigated by SEM,metallographic microscope,AFM,XPS and XRD.The micro interface and multifilament mechanical properties of high-modulus carbon fiber and epoxy resin were studied.The results show that all the surfaces of high-modulus carbon fiber have obvious grooves,but the differences of surface roughness are not obvious.Their cross-section shapes include circle,cashew,ellipse and so on.Their surface elements mainly contains four elements of C,O,N,Si,and both O/C ratio and the content of active carbon atoms of M40 JB are higher than that of domestic high-modulus carbon fibers.Following the sequence of M40 JB,CCM40J,CCM40,CCM46 J,the size of graphite microcrystalline becomes larger,and the degree of graphitization increases.The degree of orientation of M40 JB is the smallest,and the degree of orientation of CCM46 Jis the largest,while the degrees of orientation of CCM40 Jand CCM40are similar.The order of surface energy from large to small is M40JBCCM40CCM46JCCM40J,and their dynamic contact angles with resin system E51-DDS of epoxy resin E51,curing agent 4,4′-diamino diphenyl sulfone（DDS）and resin system AG80-DDS of 4,4′-diamino diphenyl methane epoxy resin（AG80）,curing agent DDS at 80 ℃rang from 35°to 50°,indicating good wettability.The interface shear strength（IFSS）of CCM46 Jwith E51-DDS is the largest,and the interface shear strength of M40 JB with AG80-DDS is the largest.The tensile strength and tensile modulus of three kinds of domestic high-modulus carbon fiber multifilaments are all larger than those of M40 JB,where the tensile strength of CCM40 Jis the largest,and the tensile modulus of CCM46 Jis the largest.The proportion of the compression strength of high-modulus carbon fiber multifilaments with its tensile strength is from 44%to53%,and the compression strength of CCM46 Jmultifilament is the largest.