宁夏人工观测与自动观测能见度的对比评估

Comparative evaluation on manual and automatic observation of visibility in Ningxia

利用2014-01-2015-03宁夏3个气象站的资料，对人工和自动平行观测能见度进行对比评估。结果表明：人工与自动观测的能见度值相对偏差达18．1％，自动观测有69．2％数值偏小，差异从小到大依次为14：OO、17：OO、11：00、20：00、08：00，季节变化显著，冬季相对偏差最大，夏季最小，而且能见度视程范围越大，各个时次自动观测越接近人工观测的数值；华云能见度仪自动观测平均值更接近人工观测，但其差异的离散型却比安徽能见度仪大，在各个能见度范围内，华云能见度仪自动观测数值均更接近人工观测，能见度量级越小，华云和安徽能见度仪的观测值差异越小。

The visibility data of 3 weather stations from January 2014 to March 2015 were used to evaluate the visibility by automatic and manual observations in parallel. The results show that the average relative error between manual and automatic visibility values is 18. 1%, and the 69. 2% of automatic observation is smaller. The differences on increasing order is 14 ： 00,17 ： 00,11 ： 00,20 ： 00 and 08：00, with obvious seasonal changes, which are larger in winter and the minimum in summer. The visibility at different time observed by automatic way would be close to that by manual way with the enhancement of visibility values. The visibility value observed by Huayun visibility sensor is close to the manual way,but their difference values are more discrete than that by Anhui. For visibility in different order of magnitude, the difference values of Huayun is smaller. The visibility difference between Huayun and Anhui sensor gradually become smaller with the decrease in visibility.