生活方式视域下中国协商民主的现实挑战与践行困境

Realistic Challenge and Practical Predicament of Chinese Deliberative Democracy from the Perspective of Lifestyle

中国协商民主在发展过程中面临着一系列的现实挑战和践行困境。基于生活方式的视阈,中国协商民主面临了四个方面的现实挑战:社会多元化对中国协商民主的前提提出挑战;社会不平等对中国协商民主的基础提出挑战;参与规模的局限对中国协商民主的广泛性提出挑战;主体理性的有限对中国协商民主的制度化提出挑战。此外,由于人们没能从生活方式的视阈来看问题,导致了协商民主的实践过程中的种种困境,包括协商结果狭隘化、协商主体精英化、协商程序形式化和协商意识淡漠化。

Chinese deliberative democracy faces a series of realistic challenge and practical predicament in the process ofdevelopment. From the perspective of lifestyle, Chinese deliberative democracy needs to face four aspects of realistic chal-lenge： the social diversification challenged the premise of Chinese deliberative democracy; the social inequality challengedthe foundation of Chinese deliberative democracy; the limitations of participation challenged the universality of Chinesedeliberative democracy; the limited rationality of subject challenged the institutionalization of Chinese deliberativedemocracy. In addition, since the people are not able to understand issues from the perspective of lifestyle, some predica-ment of the deliberative democracy in the process of practice emerge , including the narrowness of deliberative outcome , theelitization of the deliberative body, the emptiness of the deliberative procedure, and indifference towards deliberation.