刑法用语相对性在解释论中的践行

Use of Relativistic Meaning of Words in Criminal Law in Interpretative Theory

刑法用语相对性必然存在,生成原因主要包括受制于立法者的认知能力和受制于立法者的语言表达能力。刑法用语相对性主要具有补充解释、协调解释和均衡解释等功能。我国刑法分则中多处出现"破坏"、"毁"、"买卖"、"犯罪"等用语,在不同章节、不同条款,甚至在同一条款中其含义呈现相对性。在刑法解释中,必须关注主体范围、对象属性、行为方式以及保护法益的内容,运用体系性解释原理和罪刑相均衡原则,践行刑法用语相对性,破解一语多义之理解难题,进而得出合理的解释结论。

The relativistic meaning of words ＇ in criminal law exists in that it is related to the cognitive capacity and the linguistic proficiency of the law maker. It serves such functions as additional explanation, concerted explanation and balanced explanation. Words like ＂damage＂ , ＂ruin＂ , utransactionand ucrimein specific provisions of criminal law have relativistic？ meanings in different chapters, articles, or even in the same article. In the course of interpreting the criminal law, we are able to solve the problem of multiple meanings of words and come up with reasonable interpretative conclusions by thinking clearly about the scope of subjects, the nature of objects, the mode of behavior and the protected interests and by applying the systematic interpretation and the principle of balance between crimes and punishments in accordance with the relativistic meaning of words in criminal law.