多囊卵巢综合征与相关微小RNA的研究进展

miRNAs Associated with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

微小RNA(mi RNAs)是一组小分子非编码RNA,在转录后水平调控基因的表达。mi RNAs水平与糖尿病、胰岛素抵抗相关;多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者外周血以及卵泡液中存在某些mi RNAs,提示mi RNAs可能作为PCOS相关的潜在生物标志物。研究发现,PCOS肥胖患者血清mi R-21、mi R-27b、mi R-103和mi R-155这4种mi RNAs的表达明显增加;而mi R-222、mi R-146a和mi R-30c这3种mi RNAs具有作为PCOS的血清生物标志物的某种可能性。卵泡液表达丰富的成熟mi RNAs,PCOS患者卵泡液中mi R-132和mi R-320表达显著低水平;mi R-224、mi R-376a和mi R-143这3种mi RNAs也可能作为PCOS病理生理机制研究的靶标。由于PCOS的异质性,不同研究得到的mi RNAs表达谱也不完全相同,所以对与PCOS相关的mi RNAs尚需进一步研究。

miRNAs are a group of small, non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression at the pos t-transcriptional level. The altered miRNA levels are associated with diabetes and other disorders related with insulin resistance, meanwhile there are many miRNAs at the detectable level in their blood and follicular fluid of PCOS patients, suggesting that those miRNAs could serve as potential biomarkers of PCOS. The expression levels of four miRNAs： miR-21, miR-27b, miR-103 and miR-155, in circulating blood of those obese PCOS patients were significantly increased, and other three miRNAs, miR-222, miR-146a and miR-30c, have also been studied as potential serum biomarkers of PCOS. Interestingly, many miRNAs were detected in the follicular fluid. The expression levels of miR-132 and miR-320 were significantly decreased, while other three miRNAs, miR-224, miR-376a and miR-143, could also be developed as new targets for the PCOS pathophysiological study. It is necessary to study further those miRNAs as potential targets of PCOS pathophysiological mechanism, due to the heterogeneity of PCOS and the differences in miRNAs profiles from the present studies.