水生植物对氮磷及重金属污染水体的净化作用

Purification effect of aquatic plants on nitrogen, phosphorus and heavy metal polluted water

为了治理氮、磷浓度过高造成的水体富营养化和工业过程中产生的重金属污染问题,水生植物有去除效果较显著、易于获得、有良好景观改善作用等优势而被广泛地应用于水体净化中。通过文献查阅和野外调查,综述了不同生活型水生植物的常见种类,阐释了其对氮、磷及重金属等消减作用的机制和差异性表现。在此基础上,分析了水生植物在水体净化研究中存在的问题,并提出了研究展望。文章对于农业面源污染防治中水生植物的应用具有一定的指导意义和理论价值。

In order to control the excessive eutrophication which caused by concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus, and heavy metal pollution produced in industrial process, aquatic plants are widely used in water purification due to their remarkable removal effect, easy availability, good landscape effect and other advantages.Based on literature review and field investigation, this paper reviewed the common species of different life forms of aquatic plants, explained their mechanisms of reducing nitrogen, phosphorus, heavy metals and the differences of their performance. On the basis of review, we analyzed the existing problems in the research of the water purification effect of aquatic plants, and put forward the research prospect. This paper is of certain directive significance and theoretical value in terms of applying aquatic plants to the pollution control of agricultural non-point sources.