地外天体着陆点选择综述与展望

Overview and Prospect of Planetary Landing Site Selection

行星表面具有科学研究价值的区域往往地形复杂,对着陆的安全性提出了很高的要求。如何选择既满足工程约束又具有很好科学价值的着陆点,在提高任务可靠性的同时获得最优的科学回报,成为未来行星着陆任务需要解决的首要问题之一。回顾了以往地外天体着陆任务的着陆点分布情况,总结归纳了着陆点选取过程中需要考虑的因素,分析了当前的研究现状并给出一般选取流程,最后针对我国未来深空探测任务着陆点选择问题提出了一些思考与建议。

In planetary exploration, areas of scientific interest are usually full of hazards, which sets high requirements on landing safety. How to choose a proper landing site under engineering constraints and science objectives, while improving the reliability of the mission and obtaining high science return, has become one of the primary problems to be solved in future landing missions. In this paper, the landing site distributions in the past missions are reviewed, followed by a summary of the factors considered in the landing site selection process. After analyzing the current development situation, a general selection process of planetary landing sites is given. At last, some thoughts and suggestions on the landing site selection problem in future deep space exploration missions are presented.