无锡市儿童饮食行为现状及影响因素的研究

Current situation and influencing factors of dietary behaviors among children in Wuxi city

目的：调查江苏省无锡市7月龄-3岁儿童饮食行为现状及其影响因素。方法于2015年2—9月，采用便利抽取方法，应用《儿童饮食行为调查问卷》对无锡市627名7月龄-3岁儿童进行问卷调查，了解儿童的一般资料、儿童饮食行为问题以及扶养人对儿童饮食行为问题的应对方式。结果无锡市7月龄-3岁儿童饮食行为问题检出率为67．6％，2-3岁儿童问题检出率达最高水平，其中儿童饮食行为问题最严重的是“不良进食习惯”，80．9％的抚养者选择用不当方式应对；多元回归分析结果显示：早产儿、低体重儿更容易产生饮食行为问题，抚养者文化程度尤其是母亲的文化程度及家庭经济收入水平是儿童饮食行为问题中的影响因素（P＜0．05），家长有不良喂养行为的儿童更易产生饮食行为问题（P＜0．05）。结论无锡市7月龄-3岁儿童饮食行为问题较为突出，护理人员应该尽早对儿童的饮食行为实施干预。

Objective To explore the current situation and influencing factors of dietary behaviors among children aged 7 months up to 3 years old in Wuxi of Jiangsu province .Methods According to the convenience sampling, the study investigated 627 parents of seven months to three years old children by “Children′s dietary behavior questionnaire” in Wuxi city from February to September 2015.The data were collected including the general information , children′s dietary behavior problems , and parents′responses to these problems .Results The average prevalence rate of dietary behavior problems was 67.62%in children aged from 7 months to 3 years old, with the highest prevalence rate among 2-3 years old children .The most prevalent problem was “the bad diet habit”, however, 80.9%parents responded by wrong coping methods .The logistic analysis demonstrated that the preterm infants and infants with low birth weight tended to have more diet behavior problems , and the influencing factors referred to the education level of the parents （ especially mothers ） and the economic level of the families （P〈0.05）.Children were likely to have diet problems if their parents had bad feeding behaviors （P〈0.05）.Conclusions The dietary behavior problems universally exist among children aged seven months up to three years old in Wuxi .Thus, related interventions should be conducted by nursing staffs as early as possible .