40岁以下与60岁以上急性心肌梗死患者临床特点对比研究

Comparative Study of 40 Years of Age and Over 60 Years of Clinical Features of Acute Myocardial Infarction

目的探讨40岁以下与60岁以上急性心肌梗死患者临床特点对比。方法随机选取该院2013年5月—2016年2月期间收治的小于40岁急性心肌梗死患者资料作为青年组(40例)和大于60岁的患者作为老年组(40例)进行对比分析,并观察两组患者发病危险因素和并发症发生率。结果青年组诱发因素中家族史、吸烟、酗酒、高血脂分别为25.0%、72.5%、50.0%、42.5%,老年组分别为:55.0%、37.5%、27.5%、25.5%,可见青年组发因素中家族史、吸烟、酗酒、高血脂明显高于老年组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);老年组心力衰竭、低血压、严重性心律失常、死亡等并发症发生率分别为37.5%、45.0%、37.5%、17.5%明显高于青年组10.0%、15.0%、10.0%、5.0%的相应的并发症率,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论老年急性心肌梗死相对于40岁以上的心肌梗死患者临床症状不典型,发病率和死亡率均较高。

Objective To investigate the age of 40 compared with the more than 60 years of clinical features of acute myocardial infarction. Methods Random selected in our hospital in May 2013 to February 2016 were less than 40 years of age with acute myocardial infarction were enrolled in this study as a youth group（40 cases） and greater than 60 patients as age group（40 cases） were compared and analyzed, and to observe the two groups of patients with risk factors and complications incidence. Results Youth group inducing factors of family history, smoking, alcoholism, high blood lipid were 25.0%,72.5%, 50.0%, 42.5%, in the elderly group were 55.0%, 37.5%, 27.5% and 25.5%, visible youth group factors in family history, smoking, alcoholism, high blood lipid was significantly higher than that of the aged group, with statistical significance（P〈0.05）; group of elderly heart failure, hypotension, and severe cardiac arrhythmias, death and other complication rates were 37.5%, 45.0%, 37.5%, 17.5% was significantly higher than that of the youth group 10.0%, 15.0%, 10.0%, 5.0%of the corresponding complications rate, with statistical significance（P〈0.05）. Conclusion The elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction with spect to the clinical symptoms of myocardial infarction in patients over the age of 40 are not typical,morbidity and mortality are high.