维生素D及其受体在黑色素瘤中的研究进展

Research Progress of Vitamin D and It's Receptor in Malignant Melanoma

恶性黑色素瘤(MM)是一种源于黑素细胞或其前体细胞的高度恶性肿瘤。根据世界卫生组织报告,近些年,MM的新发病例以平均每年20万的速度增长,且平均死亡病例达4.6万/年。MM的病因与治疗方法探究已经成为医学界的热门课题。通过检索国内外相关文献,发现已有流行病学研究提出,常见的维生素D受体(VDR)基因多态性中(Apa1,Bsm1,Cdx2,EcoRV,Fok1,and Taq1),Fok1基因的Bb+bb基因型可降低黑色素瘤发病率(P=0.025),Fok1基因的等位基因f能够增加黑色素瘤的患病风险。血清维生素D>75ng/ml会导致黑色素瘤发病率增加。维生素D及其类似物也表现出抗MM增殖活性。这为MM的病因探寻与治疗提供了线索。

Malignant melanoma （MM） is a highly malignant tumor originates from melanocyte or its precursor cells. According to the WHO report： in recent years .. malignant melanoma cases grew at an average annual rate of 200 thousand, and the average death cases is 46 thousand per year. The etiology and treatment of malignant melanoma has become a hot topic in the medical field. By searching the relevant literature local or abroad, the author found there has been a considerable amount of epidemiological studies proposed that in the common polymorphisms of the VDR gene （Apal, Bsml, Cdx2, EcoRV, Fokl, and Taql）, the Bb＋bb genotype of the Bsml gene can reduce the incidence of melanoma （P=0. 025）. The allele f of Fokl can increase the morbidity of melanoma. Serum vitamin D〉75ng/ml can also lead to an up-going incidence of melanoma. And vitamin D and its analogues also showed anti-proliferative activity in malignant melanoma. This inevitably provides a clue to the etiology and treatment of malignant melanoma.