新疆维吾尔族膳食模式与代谢综合征及其各组分的关联性研究

Study on the relationship between dietary patterns and metabolic syndrome and its components in Xinjiang Uygur population

目的分析新疆喀什地区维吾尔族成年居民膳食模式以及与代谢综合征(MS)及其各组分的关联性。方法采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法,于2013年5月—6月对喀什地区1市1县3个乡/街道内的18岁以上维吾尔族成年居民进行调查,采用连续3天24小时膳食回顾询问法和食物称重法收集个体及家庭膳食摄入情况,应用因子分析法建立膳食模式并加以分析与MS及其各组分的相关性。结果喀什地区维吾尔族成年居民存在4种主要的膳食模式,即粮谷蔬菜型膳食模式、水果奶类型膳食模式、肉类蛋类型膳食模式和干果坚果型膳食模式,粮谷蔬菜型膳食模式是其中的主要膳食模式。水果奶类型膳食模式在协变量校正前后与腰臀比(WHR)和总胆固醇(TC)均呈负相关关系(r_(WHR)=-0.361;r_(TC)=-0.145);肉类蛋类型膳食模式与BMI、WHR和空腹血糖(FPG)呈正相关关系(r_(BMI)=0.128;rWHR=0.149;r_(FPG)=0.083);干果坚果型膳食模式与FPG呈负相关关系(r_(FPG)=-0.112)。粮谷蔬菜型膳食模式与MS及其各组分无相关关系;水果奶类型膳食模式与MS及高血压患病率呈负相关;肉类蛋类型膳食模式与高空腹血糖和肥胖呈正相关;干果坚果型膳食模式则与高空腹血糖呈负相关。结论维吾尔族人群膳食模式与MS及其各组分存在一定的关联性,其中水果奶类型膳食模式可能是MS和高血压的保护因素,而肉类蛋类型膳食模式则可能是高空腹血糖和肥胖的危险因素,干果坚果型膳食模式可能是高空腹血糖的保护因素。

Objective To analysis the dietary patterns and their relevance with MS and its components in the Uygur adults in Kashi of Xinjiang. Methods Used multi-stage random cluster sampling method,investigated the adult residents of Uighur aged over 18 years old in one county and one townships / street of three city in Kashi,may and six month in 2013 year. 24 hour dietary recall method for three consecutive days and food weighing method was used to collect the dietary intake of individual and family. The application of factor analysis to establish the dietary patterns and analysis,used the factor analysis method to establish the dietary pattern and analyzed the relevance between the dietary patterns and MS and its components. Result The named of the four main dietary patterns of adult residents in Kashi area,the traditional dietary patterns,the western dietary patterns. The meat eating patterns and the Uygur specific dietary pattern. The main dietary pattern is the traditional model of the diet. The western dietary pattern were negative correlationwith WHR and TC（rWHR=- 0. 361,rTC=- 0. 145） before and after the adjustment of covariates. The meat eating pattern were positive correlation between BMI and WHR and FPG（ rBMI= 0. 128,rWHR= 0. 149; rFPG= 0. 083）. The positive correlation between the Uygur specific pattern of diet and the fasting blood glucose（rFPG=- 0. 112）. There was no correlation between the traditional dietary pattern and MS and its components（ P〈0. 05）. The western dietary pattern was negative correlation with the prevalence of MS and hypertension. The meat eating patterns were positively correlated with high fasting blood glucose and obesity. The Uygur specific pattern of diet was negatively correlated with high fasting blood glucose. Conclusion There were certain relevance in the Uygur population dietary patterns with MS and its components,which the western dietary pattern may was a protective factor for MS and hypertension,and the meat eating patterns may was fasting hyperglycemia and obesity risk factors,and the Uygur specific pattern of diet may was a protective factor for fasting hyperglycemia.