NAEP计算机交互式测评的目标定位与试题特点分析

Analysis of the Goal-setting and Design Features of NAEP Interactive Computer Tasks

美国国家教育进展评价(NAEP)采用计算机交互式任务来测评学生科学成就,其测评目标主要定位在测量高阶思维能力,如学生科学探究能力和科学论证能力等。NAEP任务设计的一般模式包括明确问题或任务、提出预期或假设、设计和模拟实验、根据实验数据得出结论、选择恰当的数据作为证据进行科学论证五部分。NAEP的特点是试题围绕一个中心话题进行设计,由易到难阶梯式排列,问题情境设计新颖,注重对学生作答过程的引导以及学生原有概念的诊断。NAEP计算机交互式任务的目标定位与试题特点对于我们开发基于计算机的科学教育测评具有借鉴意义。

The National Assessment of Educational Progress （NAEP） uses interactive computer tasks to assess students＇ science achievements, its goals are mainly located in measuring higher-order thinking skills, such as students＇ scientific inquiry abilities and scientific reasoning abilities. The general pattern of the tasks consists of five components, including the introduction of the problem or task, making predictions or assumptions, designing and simulating the experiment, drawing conclusions based on experimental data and selecting appropriate data as proof for scientific reasoning and argument. The feature of NAEP is that the questions in a task are designed around a central topic with novel scenarios, arranged from easy to difficult. The tasks also provide students with friendly guidance to help students finish the whole process. They can also help diagnose students＇ prior conceptions. The goal-setting and design features of NAEP interactive computer tasks have important implications for the development of our computer-based assessment of science education in the future.