宋明理学中的“终极关怀”问题

"Ultimate Concern"in Song and Ming Neo-Confucianism

宋明理学典型地具有中国哲学所蕴含的人文精神。理学家主张在具体修养中追求超越境界,获得精诚和勇气,同时悦乐和享受这种境界,这是宋明理学对终极关怀问题理解的重要方面。宋明理学的成立对儒家关于超越性问题理解的提升具有决定性意义。在探寻超越性的道路上,宋明理学家在功夫论方面的贡献,无论在中国还是在世界的哲学视域中都是独特的。通过这种独特性可以丰富对宋明理学的理解,也能够进一步从社会实践层面来理解超越性维度。修养功夫始终落实在社会实践中,对终极价值的肯定和关怀扎根于现实生活之中,是人对自我超越性的一种探究。

Song and Ming Neo-Confucianism are typically imbued with the humanist spirit of Chinese philosophy.Neo-Confucian philosophers held that through specific self-cultivation one could seek a transcendent realm and acquire sincerity and courage while at the same time appreciating and enjoying this realm.This is an important aspect of understanding the question of ultimate concern.The establishment of Song and Ming Neo-Confucianism was decisive for further Confucian understanding of this issue.In their exploration of transcendence,Song and Ming Neo-Confucians made a contribution to the theory of moral effort that is unique in the philosophical horizon of China or indeed of the world.It is this uniqueness that enables us to enrich our understanding of Song and Ming Neo-Confucianism and gain a better appreciation of the transcendent dimension at the level of social practice.The effort put into cultivation must always be realized through social practice;affirmation and concern for ultimate values are rooted in the real world,in the exploration of self-transcendence.