枳壳挥发油提取工艺优选及其化学成分GC-MS分析

Optimization of Extraction Process of Volatile Oil from Aurantii Fructus and GC-MS Analysis of Its Chemical Constituents

目的:优选水蒸气蒸馏法提取枳壳挥发油的工艺,分析粉碎度对枳壳挥发油化学成分的影响。方法:采用正交试验确定水蒸气蒸馏法提取枳壳挥发油的工艺条件,以挥发油提取率为评价指标,粉碎度、加水量、浸泡时间、提取时间为考察因素。采用GC-MS对枳壳粉碎度为24目和50目所提取的挥发油进行化学成分鉴定。结果:最佳水蒸气蒸馏法工艺条件为枳壳粉碎度24目,加11倍量水浸泡0.5 h,提取7 h。从24目枳壳粉末挥发油中鉴定出45个组分,50目中鉴定出39个组分,分别占其挥发油总量的99.46%和99.53%。结论:优化的提取工艺重复性好、挥发油提取率较高且成分种类多,适用于枳壳挥发油的提取。

Objective： To optimize extraction process of volatile oil from Aurantii Fructus,and analyze difference of chemical constituents in volatile oil from Aurantii Fructus with grinding degree of 24 mesh and 50 mesh. Method： Volatile oil from Aurantii Fructus was extracted by steam distillation,orthogonal test was adopted to optimize process of volatile oil. GC-MS was employed to compare similarities and differences between volatile oil from Aurantii Fructus with grinding degree of 24 mesh and 50 mesh. Result： Optimum extraction conditions of steam distillation were as follows： the comminution degree of 24 mesh,soaked 0. 5 h and extracted 7 h with 11 times the amount of water. Forty-five components in volatile oil from Aurantii Fructus with grinding degree of 24 mesh were identified,there were 39 components for 50 mesh,accounting for 99. 46% and 99. 53% of total content of volatile oil,respectively. Conclusion： This optimized process is stable and feasible with high extraction rate of volatile oil.