种养加一体化的理论初探与政策建议

Perspectives of theories and policies in the integrated crop-livestock-manufacture system

推动种养加一体化是加快转变我国农业生产方式,实现可持续发展的内在要求。在系统分析种养加一体化的基本内涵和理论基础上,阐述我国种养加一体化发展的现状特征及问题,探讨推动种养加一体化发展的内在逻辑及实现路径。研究认为,种养加一体化的本质是发展"以养带种、以加促养"的产业链结构,核心是构建产业链各环节经营主体间的利益联结协调机制,目标是提升产业竞争力、提高产品附加值,使得参与主体共享增值收益,同时实现循环可持续发展。当前存在种养加各环节联系不紧密、主体间利益联结机制不完善、一体化发展规模小带动力不强等问题,建议通过支持产业龙头企业、创新主体间利益联结机制和鼓励规模化种养基地建设等方面推动种养加一体化发展,从完善政策支撑体系、强化金融信贷支持和加强科技支撑服务等方面给予支撑保障。

The purpose of integrated crop-livestock-manufacture system （ICLMS） is the inherent requirement of transformation of agricultural production mode to realize sustainable development of agriculture. In this paper, we systematically analyzed the basic connotation, characteristics and problems of the ICLMS, and theoretically discussed the inherent logic of the development of ICLMS. Results showed that the essence of ICLMS is to develop the industrial chain structure that relies on the aquaculture industry and promotes the development of the aquaculture industry through the processing industry. The core of ICLMS is to construct the coordinating mechanism of the interests of the main business entities in the industry chain. Its ultimate goal is to enhance the competitiveness of the industry and improve product added values so that participating subjects can share the value-added benefits and realize the sustainable development of the cycle. At present, it has some problems, such as that the links between the various links are not close, the interest connections among the main bodies are not sophisticated, and the scale of integration development and the driving force is not strong and so on. As a result, we then put forward that China should support the industry leading enterprises, innovate main body benefit coupling mechanism and encourage large-scale breeding base construction to promote the development of ICLMS. In summary, we need to improve the policy implementing systems, strengthen the ifnance credit and lending supporting systems, and strengthen the science and technology developing and delivering services as well.