无籽刺梨多倍体诱导试验初报

Preliminary Report on Poly Ploidy Induction of Rosa sterilis

采用育种技术对无籽刺梨进行多倍体诱导,以期获得无籽刺梨多倍体植株。以秋水仙素作为诱导剂,二倍体组培苗为材料,比较不同的预培养时间、处理时间及秋水仙素浓度对无籽刺梨染色体加倍的诱导效果。结果表明:无籽刺梨茎段在分化培养基上预培养1 d后,继而用含300 mg/L秋水仙素溶液浸泡处理12 h,再进行分化培养的诱导效果最佳,其诱导变异率达25.6%;无籽刺梨多倍性植株同质化培养的最佳次数为6次。对变异植株根尖细胞进行染色体计数后发现,部分变异植株的根尖细胞染色体为2n=4x=28,为四倍体。部分植株同时存在2n=2x=14和2n=4x=28两种倍性细胞,为嵌合体。

The polyploidy breeding technology was used to induce Rosa sterilis polyploidy, for the obtaining of R. sterilis polyploidy plants. The colchicine was used as induction dose, diploid cuvette seedling of R. sterilis as material, to compare induction effect on chromosome doubling in different precuhure time, different colchicine con- centration and different treatment time. The results showed that after preculture in differentiation medium for 1 d, and soaking in 300 mg/L colchicine solution for 12 h, then differentiation culture in differentiation medium, the induction effect was better, and the mutation rate was 25.6%. The best culture frequency of homogenization was 6. After observing the chromosome number in root-tip of mutation plants, it was found that chromosome number in some tetraploid plants cells was 2n = 4x = 28, while cells with both 2n = 2x = 14 and 2n = 4x = 28 in some chimera plants.