间作玉米大豆根系分泌物中有机酸的变化特征

Characteristics of Organic Acids from Root Exudation in Maize and Soybean Intercropping

通过水培试验,收集了不同生育期单作玉米、单作大豆、玉米大豆分隔间作(根系用尼龙网分隔)及玉米大豆间作(根系不分隔)下的根系分泌物,并通过高效液相色谱方法分析不同种植模式下不同生育期的玉米大豆根系分泌物中有机酸的变化特征。结果表明:与单作相比,在有机酸分泌种类上,分隔间作玉米苗期增加苹果酸,减少顺丁烯二酸;喇叭口期无变化;孕穗期减少苹果酸。间作玉米苗期增加苹果酸,喇叭口期减少酒石酸和苹果酸,孕穗期减少乳酸和顺丁烯二酸;分隔间作大豆苗期增加柠檬酸,花期减少酒石酸和乳酸、增加乙酸,鼓粒期增加酒石酸和苹果酸;间作大豆苗期增加柠檬酸,花期减少酒石酸和苹果酸、增加乙酸,鼓粒期增加酒石酸和苹果酸、减少乳酸和顺丁烯二酸。在分泌速率上,分隔间作玉米喇叭口期增加了284.80%,间作玉米在喇叭口期和孕穗期分别增加了159.24%、88.01%;间作大豆在鼓粒期增加了149.59%,分隔间作大豆在苗期、花期和鼓粒期分别增加了114.65%、24.24%、389.38%。间作和分隔间作改变了有机酸分泌种类,间作能更长时期提高玉米有机酸分泌速率,分隔间作能更长时期提高大豆根系的有机酸分泌速率。

By hydroponic experiment, collected root exudation of different growth stages in monocropped maize, monocropped soybean, separation intercropping maize and soybean （roots mesh barrier） and intercropping maize and soybean （roots no mesh barrier） and by HPLC method for analysis variation characteristics of organic acids from root exudates in the different planting modes, different growth stages of maize and soybean intercropping system. The results showed that compared with monocuhure, in the kinds of organic acids, separation intercropping maize ： malic acid was identified and maleic acid was not identified in seedling stage ; No change in bell mouth peri- od; Malic acid was not identified in booting stage. Intercropping maize： malic acid was identified in seedling stage; tartaric acid and malic acid were not identified in bell mouth period; Lactic acid and maleic acid were not identified in booting stage. Separation intercropping soybean： citric acid was identified in in seedling stage; Tartaric acid and malic acid were not identified and acetic acid was identified in flowering phase; Tartaric acid and malic acid were i-dentified in seed filling period. Intercropping soybean ： citric acid was identified in seedling stage ; Tartaric acid and malie acid were not identified and acetic acid was identified in flowering phase; Tartaric acid and malie acid were i- dentified in seed filling period, Lactic acid and maleic acid were not identified in seed filling period. The secretion rate of organic acids, separation intereropping maize was increased by 284.80% in bell mouth period, intercropping maize was increased by 159.24%, 88.01% in bell mouth period and booting stage respectively. Intercropping soy- bean was increased by 149.59% in seed filling period, separation intereropping soybean was increased by 114.65%, 24.24%, 389.38% in seedling, flowering and seed filling stage respectively, lntercropping and separa- tion intercropping affect kind of organic acids, Intercropping increased the rate of organic acid secretion of maize in the longer period, separation intercropping increased the rate of organic acid secretion of soybean root in the lon- ger period.