藻酸盐类敷料在Ⅱ期皮肤压疮中的抗感染作用及不良反应

Anti-infection effect of alginate dressing on skin pressure ulcer and its adverse reactions

目的 观察藻酸盐类敷料在Ⅱ期皮肤压疮中的抗感染效果及不良反应。方法 选用87例Ⅱ期皮肤压疮患者,依照患者意愿将其分为2组,对照组39例采用传统换药法,即普通纱布敷料包扎,每天换药;治疗组48例采用藻酸盐敷料（商品名：康惠尔溃疡贴）换药法,3~5 d换药,两组于治疗前及治疗后7 d和15 d分别进行创面分泌物细菌培养和药敏实验,从控制局部感染、创口愈合及不良反应方面进行对比。结果 与对照组比较,治疗组创面细菌检出率降低,创面愈合时间缩短,且换药时无明显疼痛感觉。治疗组明显优于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,且均未发生不良反应。结论 皮肤Ⅱ期压疮患者采用藻酸盐类敷料换药,能够增加创面肉芽组织生长,促进伤口愈合,明显减少局部细菌感染,无不良反应发生,患者局部皮肤对此敷料适应性良好。

Objective To observe the anti-infection effects of alginate dressing on the skin pressure ulcer with stage Ⅱ and its adverse reactions. Methods Totally 87 patients with stage Ⅱ skin pressure ulcer were divided into two groups according to their wishes：control group （n = 39 ）were given the traditional method of changing dressing with ordinary gauze, dressing daily ; treatment group （ n = 48 ） were given alginate dressing once for 3 - 5 days. The wound se- cretions bacterial culture and sensitivity test of the two groups were implemented separately before and at 7 d and 15 d after treatments. Then the control of local infection, wound healing and adverse reaction of the two groups were compared. Results Compared with control group, the bacteria rate of the wound in treatment group was lower with shorter wound healing time, and no obvious pain was observed during the change dressing. The effect of treatment group was better than that of control group obviously （ P 〈 0. 05 ） , without adverse reaction of the two groups. Conclusion Using alginate dressing for stage Ⅱ skin pressure ulcer could increase the growth of wound granulation tissue, promote wound healing and reduce the local bacterial infection. Patients feel comfortable about the dressing without adverse reaction.