中国戏曲史研究中的关捩问题——宋元南戏与北杂剧先后之争

The Key Problem of the Study of the History of Chinese Opera——Debating about the Drama of South and North

中国戏曲何时成熟及成熟的标志是中国戏曲史研究的第一关键问题,王国维在《宋元戏曲史》中首次提出元杂剧始为中国"真正之戏曲"。后来因《永乐大典戏文三种》的发现,学界多对王说提出质疑与反驳,认为南戏实在北杂剧之先,是中国第一种成熟的戏种。然也有学者对此新说表示异议,重建王国维的"北剧先熟论"。时至今日,这一论争仍悬而未决。而这个问题又必须回答,故而有对以往的研究作学术史的梳理的必要,这也是该文的目的及意义所在。

The time of Chinese opera mature and the symbol is the key problem of the study in the history of Chinese opera. Wang GuoWei first proposed in The history of Song and Yuan drama. He thought the Yuan drama is the mature Chinese opera. Later because discovery the Three operas of YongLe, some scholars thought the drama of south is the first mature drama of China. But there are also scholars are against and reconstruction of Wang GuoWei＇s view. Today, the debate is still pending. And the question must be answered first, so combing the academic history of previous research is necessary, which is also the purpose and meaning of this paper.