美共领导人福斯特关于阶级斗争的思想及局限性——基于《走向美国苏维埃》一书的解读

The CPUSA Leader Forster's Ideas on the Class Struggle and Limitations——Based on the Interpretation of Toward Soviet America

威廉·福斯特是美国共产党的创始人和著名领导人。1932年,时值世界资本主义爆发严重危机,福斯特出版了《走向美国苏维埃》一书,围绕着经济危机、民众激进性和美国社会主义发展前景等问题系统地阐述了自己的阶级斗争思想。纵览福斯特一生,他的阶级斗争思想有着理想化的成分,即存在低估资本主义的自我调适能力、高估美国民众的革命性和将暴力革命绝对化等局限性。系统梳理福斯特的阶级斗争思想及其局限性,有助于我们正确认识发达资本主义国家的阶级斗争形势和斗争策略。

William Foster is the founder and a famous leader of the CPUS.In 1932, a serious economic crisis in the capitalist world, Foster published the book of ＂Toward Soviet America＂ , and he ystematically elaborated his thought of the class struggle about some problems such as the economic crisis, the people＇s radical degree and American socialist development prospects. But there are many limitations in Forster＇s thought and practice of class struggle. For instance, he underestimated the potential of the development of capitalism but overestimated the people＇s revolutionary, he thinks that violent revolution is the only way, his thought lacks practical feasibility. This paper systematically sort out the ideas and limitations of Forster＇s class struggle, helps us to understand the class struggle situation and strategy of the developed capitalist countries.