中青年急性心肌梗死患者的主要危险因素

Risk Factors of Young and Middle Aged Patients Suffering from Acute Myocardial Infarction

目的探讨中青年急性心肌梗死患者的危险因素。方法回顾性分析2004—2014年就诊于首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院行直接冠状动脉成形术的急性心肌梗死患者814例。中青年急性心肌梗死组（男性≤45岁，女性≤55岁）89例，老年急性心肌梗死组725例。比较两组临床特点的差异。结果中青年急性心肌梗死组男性（95．5％）、吸烟者所占比例（76．4％）明显高于老年急性心肌梗死组；中青年急性心肌梗死与高甘油三酯血症独立相关；中青年急性心肌梗死组冠脉单支病变比例（49．4％）明显高于老年急性心肌梗死组冠脉单支病变比例（28．7％），中青年急性心肌梗死组冠脉左主干或3支血管病变比例（24．7％）明显低于老年急性心肌梗死组冠脉单支病变比例（45．7％）。结论男性、吸烟、高甘油三酯血症可能是中青年急性心肌梗死的危险因素。

Objective To investigate the risk factors young and middle aged patients suffered from acute myocardial infarction （AMI）. Methods In this retrospective analysis, 814 patients who were diagnosed as AMI and treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention （p -PCI） , admitted to Beijing Friendship Hospital from January 2004 to December 2014, were enrolled. There were two groups. One was group of young and middle aged group （ male ≤ 45 years old, female ≤ 55 years old, n = 89） , another group （ n = 725） was old aged group. The risk factors of two groups were compared. Results The proportion of male （95. 5% ） and smokers （76.4%） of young and middle aged group was significantly higher than old aged group. Young and middle aged AM/ was independently associated with hypertriglyceridemia. Single coronary vessel disease ratio （49.4%）of young and middle aged group was significantly higher than old aged group （28.7%）. Left main or three - vessel coronary artery disease proportion of young and middle aged group （24.7%） was significantly lower than old aged group（45.7% ）. Conclusion Male, smoking, hypertriglyceridemia may be risk factors of young and middle aged AMI.