基于价值函数的电动汽车充电价格引导研究

Price Guide of Electric Vehicles Charging Based on Cost Function

电动汽车的大量接入将给电网的稳定运行带来危害,通过充电价格的调整可以合理引导电动汽车的充电行为,减小电动汽车负荷对电网的影响。基于价值函数推导出自弹性系数和互弹性系数的计算公式,在考虑对用户的引导程度不同和电网负荷波动的情况下提出了2种分时电价方案,并建立了电动汽车充电的分时电价引导模型。对比分析2种不同方案下的最优分时电价,结果表明实行分时电价可以对电动汽车用户的充电行为进行有效引导,并且峰谷电价差增大,更有利于平抑电网的负荷波动。

The charging of large number of electric vehicles （EV） will affect the secure operation of power grid. In order to reduce the impact of charging load on the grid, the charging price can be adjusted to guide the charging behavior of EV owners. This paper derives the formulas of self-elastic coefficient and cross-elastic coefficient based on the cost function. And this paper establishes two time-of-use （TOU） price plans and a TOU price model for guiding EV charging with considering the motivation level of owners＇ and the load fluctuation in power grid. Finally, this paper compares the optimal TOU prices between these two plans. The results show that TOU price can effectively guide the charging behavior of EV owners, and the increased difference between peak and valley load price will stabilize the load fluctuation in power grid and reduce the EV owners＇ charging cost.